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Princess Patricia of Connaught

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"Princess Patricia" redirects here. For the cruise ship, see SS Princess Patricia.
This article is about the granddaughter of Queen Victoria. For the mother of JonBenét Ramsey, see Patsy Ramsey.

Lady Patricia Ramsay
Photograph by W. & D. Downey, 1900s.
BornPrincess Patricia of Connaught
(1886-03-17)17 March 1886
Buckingham Palace, London, England
Died12 January 1974(1974-01-12) (aged 87)
Windlesham, Surrey, England
Burial21 January 1974
Royal Burial Ground, Frogmore
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1919; died 1972)​
IssueAlexander Ramsay of Mar
Names
Victoria Patricia Helena Elizabeth
House
FatherPrince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn
MotherPrincess Louise Margaret of Prussia
SignatureLady Patricia Ramsay's signature

Lady Victoria Patricia Helena Elizabeth Ramsay (born Princess Patricia of Connaught; 17 March 1886 – 12 January 1974)[1] was a granddaughter of Queen Victoria. Upon her marriage to Alexander Ramsay, she relinquished her title of a British princess and the style of Royal Highness.[2][3][4] She was the third and youngest child and the second daughter of Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, and Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia. She was also the only one of her father's children to outlive him: her siblings, Margaret and Arthur, both died before their father.

Early life

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The Duke and Duchess of Connaught with their children in 1893

Princess Patricia – "Patsy" to family and friends – was born on 17 March 1886, St Patrick's Day, at Buckingham Palace in London. Her father was Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, the third son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. Her mother was Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia. She had two elder siblings, Prince Arthur of Connaught and Princess Margaret of Connaught, later Crown Princess Margareta of Sweden.[2]

She was baptised Victoria Patricia Helena Elizabeth at St Anne's Church in Bagshot on 1 May 1886. Her godparents were Queen Victoria (her paternal grandmother); the Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (her paternal granduncle, who was represented by her paternal uncle Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein); the Hereditary Grand Duchess of Oldenburg (her maternal aunt); Prince Wilhelm of Prussia (her first cousin, for whom the German Ambassador, Count Hatzfeldt, stood proxy); Princess Christian of Schleswig-Holstein (her paternal aunt); and Prince Albert of Prussia (her mother's first cousin once removed, for whom her maternal uncle the Hereditary Grand Duke of Oldenburg stood proxy).[citation needed] She was named Victoria after Queen Victoria; Patricia, after St Patrick, the saint of her birthday; and Helena, in honour of her father's sister Princess Helena of the United Kingdom.

She grew up as a member of the Royal Family. She was a bridesmaid at the wedding of her cousins the Duke and Duchess of York (future King George V and Queen Mary) on 6 July 1893.[5]

Canada

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Princess Patricia and Major Worthington on the skating rink at Rideau Hall in 1914

Princess Patricia travelled extensively in her early years. Her father, the Duke of Connaught, was posted to India with the army, and the young Princess spent two years living there. Connaught Place, the central business locus of New Delhi, is named for the Duke. In 1911, the Duke was appointed Governor General of Canada. Princess Patricia accompanied her parents to Canada, and she became popular there. Her portrait appears on the one-dollar note of the Dominion of Canada with the issue date 17 March 1917.[4]

She was named Colonel-in-Chief of Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry on 22 February 1918 and held that appointment until her death. The regiment named for her was privately raised by Andrew Hamilton Gault, of Montreal, at his own expense; it was the last privately raised regiment in the British Empire.[6] Princess Patricia personally designed the badge and colours for the regiment to take overseas to France, and at her wedding in 1919, the regiment attended and played their march specially.[7][4] As the regiment's Colonel-in-Chief, she played an active role until her death.

A memorial plaque in St. Bartholomew's Anglican Church in Ottawa is dedicated "To the memory of The Lady Patricia Ramsey, VA, CI, CD late Colonel-in-Chief Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry who as H.R.H. the Princess Patricia of Connaught worshipped here while resident at Government House 1911–1916."[8]

She was succeeded in 1974 by her cousin and goddaughter Patricia (the Rt. Hon. Lady Brabourne), who became the Countess Mountbatten of Burma, who asked that the men and women of her regiment discount her titles and refer to her in honour of her predecessor as Lady Patricia.[citation needed]

Marriage

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Main article: Wedding of Princess Patricia and Alexander Ramsay
Wedding party at Princess Patricia's marriage to Alexander Ramsay on 27 February 1919
British Royalty
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
Victoria and Albert
Grandchildren
Alfred, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
Marie, Queen of Romania
Victoria Feodorovna, Grand Duchess of Russia
Alexandra, Princess of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
Princess Beatrice, Duchess of Galliera
Margaret, Crown Princess of Sweden
Prince Arthur of Connaught
Lady Patricia Ramsay
Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone
Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

The question of Patricia's marriage was the subject of much speculation in the Edwardian era, as she was considered one of the most beautiful and eligible royal princesses of her generation. She was matched with various foreign royalties, including the King of Spain, the Prince Royal of Portugal, the future Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz[9] and Grand Duke Michael of Russia, younger brother of Tsar Nicholas II.[4]

In the end, Patricia chose a commoner and married naval Commander (later Admiral) Alexander Ramsay (29 May 1881 – 8 October 1972), one of her father's aides-de-camp and third son of the 13th Earl of Dalhousie, at Westminster Abbey on 27 February 1919.[10][11][4]

On the occasion of her marriage, Princess Patricia of Connaught was permitted by Royal Warrant to relinquish the style of Royal Highness and the title of Princess of Great Britain and Ireland.[1] She was granted by Royal Warrant of 25 February 1919 the style of Lady Victoria Patricia Helena Elizabeth Ramsay, with special precedence immediately before the Marchionesses of England.[1]

Alexander Ramsay and Patricia had one child:

Later life

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Patricia with the Duke of Connaught and Capt. T. W. James, Director of Princess Pat's Band at Wembley, England in 1924
The coronet Lady Patricia wore at the coronation of Elizabeth II, originally owned by Princess Margaret of Connaught. The coronet is now kept at the Swedish Royal Armoury.

Despite relinquishing her royal title, Lady Patricia remained a member of the British Royal Family, remained in the line of succession, and attended all major royal events, including weddings, funerals, and the coronation of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth and of Queen Elizabeth II in 1937 and 1953, respectively. She rode in the carriage processions with other members of the Royal Family at the funerals of George V in 1936[12] and of King George VI.[13] At the coronations, she proceeded in state from Buckingham Palace with other members of the Royal Family and took part in the procession of princes and princesses of the blood royal, attended by a train-bearer and an officer to carry her coronet. She also attended royal garden parties and participated in state visits, her attendance being recorded in the Court Circular together with other members of the Royal Family.[14]

Lady Patricia was an accomplished artist specializing in watercolours. She was made an honorary member of the Royal Institute of Painters in Water Colours.[15] Much of her work was inspired by her travel in tropical countries. Her style was influenced by Gauguin and Van Gogh,[citation needed] because she had studied under Archibald Standish Hartrick who had known the artists.[16]

Death

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Lady Patricia died at Ribsden Holt, Windlesham, Surrey, on 12 January 1974, eight weeks before her 88th birthday and fifteen months after her husband.[2] Probate of her estate was granted in London on 17 April 1974 and it was valued at £917,199 (equivalent to £7 million in 2022).[17]

Lady Patricia and Admiral Alexander Ramsay are buried at the Royal Burial Ground, Frogmore,[18] directly behind the Royal Mausoleum of her grandparents Queen Victoria and Prince Albert, in Windsor Great Park.[citation needed]

Legacy

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A Canadian Army infantry regiment, Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry, was named in her honour.[4] Patricia Lake in Alberta also carries her name, as does the Patricia Bay Highway in Saanich, British Columbia.[19] There is also a Thamesdown bus named after her in Swindon, Wiltshire.

The second of Canadian Pacific's British Columbia Coast Steamships two Fairfield Shipyard-built steam turbo-electric passenger ships, the TEV Princess Patricia (Princess Patricia II), was named in 1948 for Princess Patricia of Connaught and launched by her as Lady Patricia Ramsay at Govan in that year. The first ship for Princess Cruises via a winter Mexican Riviera charter from CPL in 1965, the ship was retired from Alaskan cruising services in 1981 and served as a floating hotel in Vancouver, British Columbia, for their 1986 World's Fair before being finally scrapped in 1989. Her sister ship was the TEV Princess Marguerite (II).[20]

The Regina Patricia Hockey Club was named in honour of Princess Patricia, now known as the Regina Pats. Founded in 1917, it is the oldest continuously operating major junior hockey franchise in the world, currently playing as part of the Western Hockey League.[21]

The Patricia Theatre in Powell River, British Columbia, was named in honour of Princess Patricia in 1913. It is the oldest operating theatre in Western Canada.[22]

Two hamlets in Alberta, 10 kilometres apart, are named Princess and Patricia in honour of Princess Patricia. The hamlets were established and named in 1914.[23]

Titles, styles, honours and arms

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Titles and styles

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  • 17 March 1886 – 27 February 1919: Her Royal Highness Princess Patricia of Connaught
  • 27 February 1919 – 12 January 1974: Lady Patricia Ramsay

Honours

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Honorary military appointments

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Arms

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Princess Patricia's coat of arms

Upon her marriage in 1919, Lady Patricia was granted arms as a male-line grandchild of a British monarch. Her arms are those of the Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom with a label for difference, blazoned thus: Quarterly (by quarters):

1st and 4th, Gules three Lions passant guardant in pale Or (England). (The first and fourth quarters display the three lions, representing England.)
2nd, quarter is Or a lion rampant within a Double Tressure flory counterflory Gules (Scotland). (The second quarter displays a red lion in a yellow field with a double border coloured red with red fleurs-de-lys, representing Scotland.)
3rd, Azure a Harp Or stringed Argent (Ireland). (The third quarter shows a golden harp with silver strings against a blue background, representing Ireland.)

The whole differenced by a Label of five points Argent, first and fifth with a cross gules, the others fleurs-de-lys azure.[26]

Ancestry

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c "No. 31203". The London Gazette. 26 February 1919. p. 2819.
  2. ^ a b c "Lady Patricia Ramsay is dead. Granddaughter of Victoria, 87". New York Times. Associated Press. 14 January 1974.
  3. ^ Kenneth, Rose. "Ramsay, Lady Patricia [formerly Princess Patricia of Connaught] (1886–1974), artist". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/31581. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  4. ^ a b c d e f Treble, Patricia (26 February 2019). "Princess Patricia: The first modern princess". Maclean's. Retrieved 28 February 2019.
  5. ^ "The Duke and Duchess of York and bridesmaids". National Portrait Gallery.
  6. ^ Leete-Hodge, Lornie (1985). Curiosities of Somerset. West Yorkshire: Bossiney Books. p. 73. ISBN 0-906456-98-3.
  7. ^ "Archives Canada". Archived from the original on 16 March 2014.
  8. ^ "Lady Patricia Ramsey plaque". National Inventory of Canadian Military Memorials. Canadian Department of National Defence. 16 April 2008. Archived from the original on 20 May 2014. Retrieved 20 May 2014.
  9. ^ "Princess Pat engaged? Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz said to be her fiance". New York Times. 30 June 1913. p. 4.
  10. ^ "Princess Patricia to wed Earl's son. King George's cousin betrothed to Com. A.R.M. Ramsay, R.N., Dalhousie heir. Sponsor of a regiment. Honorary Colonel in Chief of "Princess Pats" is a great favorite in Canada and England". New York Times. 28 December 1918.
  11. ^ "Wedding of Princess Patricia to Sir A. Ramsay, 1919". British Pathe.
  12. ^ "No. 34279". The London Gazette (Supplement). 29 April 1936. p. 2763.
  13. ^ "No. 39575". The London Gazette (Supplement). 19 June 1952. p. 3345.
  14. ^ "[no title cited]". The Glasgow Herald. 26 October 1955. p. 6.
  15. ^ Harris, Carolyn. "Princess Patricia of Connaught". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved 9 January 2020.
  16. ^ Exhibition of contemporary British painting. Ottawa: The National Gallery of Canada. 1935. pp. 18.
  17. ^ Evans, Rob; Pegg, David (18 July 2022). "£187m of Windsor family wealth hidden in secret royal wills". The Guardian. Retrieved 19 July 2022.
  18. ^ "Royal Burials in the Chapel since 1805". College of St George – Windsor Castle. Retrieved 5 March 2023.
  19. ^ "List of Place Names" (PDF). Saanich.ca. Saanich Archives. 6 November 2015.
  20. ^ Grace, Michael L. (6 August 2009). "The origin of Princess Cruises and their naming the 'Princess' ships". Cruise Line History. Retrieved 9 January 2020.
  21. ^ "History". Regina Pats. Retrieved 25 April 2022.
  22. ^ Southern, Karen. "The Patricia Theatre". www.patriciatheatre.com. Retrieved 25 April 2022.
  23. ^ Holmgren, Eric J. (1976). Over 2000 Place Names of Alberta. Saskatoon: Western Producer Prairie Books. p. 213. ISBN 0-919306-67-5.
  24. ^ "No. 12366". The Edinburgh Gazette. 23 June 1911. p. 625.
  25. ^ "Princess Patricia « PPCLI".
  26. ^ Francois R. Velde. "marks of cadency in the British royal family". Heraldica.org. Retrieved 28 August 2015.
  27. ^ Montgomery-Massingberd, Hugh, ed. (1973). Burke's Guide to the Royal Family. London, UK: Burke's Peerage. pp. 289, 295, 298–299, 306. ISBN 0-220-66222-3.
  28. ^ Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Fürstliche Häuser XIV. C.A. Starke Verlag, 1991, pp. 128, 131, 155. (German).

Further reading

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  • Koenig, Marlene A. Eilers, Queen Victoria's Descendants, (New York: Atlantic International Publishing, 1987).
  • Weir, Alison, Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy (London: Palmico, 1996).
  • "Obituary: Lady Patricia Ramsay, Granddaughter of Queen Victoria," The Times, 14 January 1974, p. 14.
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