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Charlotte Montagu Douglas Scott, Duchess of Buccleuch

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Her Grace
The Duchess of Buccleuch and Queensberry
VA
Mistress of the Robes
In office
1841–1846
MonarchVictoria
Prime MinisterSir Robert Peel
Preceded byThe Duchess of Sutherland
Succeeded byThe Duchess of Sutherland
Personal details
Born
Lady Charlotte Anne Thynne

(1811-04-10)10 April 1811
Longleat, Wiltshire
Died28 March 1895(1895-03-28) (aged 83)
Ditton Park, Buckinghamshire
Resting placeDalkeith Palace
SpouseWalter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch
Children
Parents
OccupationMistress of the Robes to Queen Victoria

Charlotte Anne Montagu Douglas Scott, Duchess of Buccleuch and Queensberry, VA (née Thynne; 10 April 1811 – 18 March 1895) was a British peeress. A daughter of Thomas Thynne, 2nd Marquess of Bath, Charlotte married Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch in 1829. They had seven children, including William Montagu Douglas Scott, 6th Duke of Buccleuch; Henry Douglas-Scott-Montagu, 1st Baron Montagu of Beaulieu; and the Royal Navy admiral Lord Charles Montagu Douglas Scott.

From 1841 to 1846, the Duchess of Buccleuch served as the Mistress of the Robes to Queen Victoria as a member of Robert Peel's ministry. Her husband, a staunch Conservative, also served in Peel's ministry, and the Duchess used the connection to gain patronage for her brothers. She and the Queen remained lifelong friends, with the latter serving as godmother to Charlotte's daughter Lady Victoria. The Duchess advised her on Scotland, and later converted to Roman Catholicism in 1860. She engaged in philanthropic efforts in Scotland, and died in 1895 at Ditton Park.

Family and early life

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Lady Charlotte Anne Thynne was born at the Thynne family seat of Longleat in Wiltshire on 10 April 1811. She was the youngest daughter and tenth child of Thomas Thynne, 2nd Marquess of Bath and the Hon. Isabella Elizabeth Byng, daughter of George Byng, 4th Viscount Torrington.[1][2] Her siblings included Henry Thynne, 3rd Marquess of Bath; Elizabeth Campbell, Countess Cawdor and Louisa Lascelles, Countess of Harewood.

Marriage

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Watercolour of the Duchess with her daughter Lady Victoria by Robert Thorburn (1847)

On 13 March 1829 Charlotte married Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch[1][2] at St George's, Hanover Square, London, becoming Duchess of Buccleuch and Queensberry. He had succeeded to the dukedom at the age of thirteen upon his father's death, and was five years older than his wife.[2] According to the contemporary journal The Lady's Realm, their "romantic" engagement resulted when the young Duke visited her father and met Lady Charlotte. Upon their parting, he saw tears in her eyes which prompted him to turn his coach around and approach her father directly to ask for her hand in marriage.[3] The couple would produce three daughters and four sons.[2] Among their children were William Montagu Douglas Scott, 6th Duke of Buccleuch and Henry Douglas-Scott-Montagu, 1st Baron Montagu of Beaulieu.[4]

Later life

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In 1841, she succeeded the Duchess of Sutherland as Mistress of the Robes to Queen Victoria. The new prime minister, Robert Peel, personally selected her to be a member of his newly formed ministry.[3][4][5] The post would later also be filled by her daughter-in-law Louisa.[2] Her husband was a staunch Conservative and became Lord Privy Seal in Peel's ministry from 1842 to 1846; the Duchess used the connection to help her brothers gain patronage.[2]

The Duchess of Buccleuch and Queen Victoria were lifelong friends,[3][6] with the monarch describing the Duchess as "an agreeable, sensible, clever little person."[7] In 1842 at Buckingham Palace, during Queen Victoria's preparations to visit Scotland, the Duchess helped advise her on the country.[5] The Duke and Duchess helped entertain the Queen and Prince Albert when they arrived at Dalkeith.[2] The historian Alex Tyrrell writes that the Duchess helped "consolidate Conservative influence in the royal household and counteract memories of the Bedchamber Crisis."[5] The Queen stood as godmother for the Duchess's eldest daughter Victoria Alexandrine, who was christened at Buckingham Palace in April 1845. The Montagu-Douglas-Scotts were patrons of the artist Robert Thorburn, and commissioned him to paint several portraits of the Duchess, including a double portrait of her and Lady Victoria; this was given to Queen Victoria in 1847.[7]

The Duchess of Buccleuch resigned the post of Mistress of the Robes in 1846,[4] and was succeeded by the Duchess of Sutherland.[8] She was a member of the Royal Order of Victoria and Albert, Third Class.[9]

The Duchess's high church faith was an influence of her brother Revd Lord John Thynne, who was high church canon of Westminster Abbey. She and her husband built St Mary the Virgin, an Episcopal church in Dalkeith.[10] To the Duke's distress, she converted to Roman Catholicism in 1860, "after struggling with her conscience for many years over the distress it would cause her Presbyterian husband."[2] Soon after being married, she befriended Cecil, Marchioness of Lothian, another prominent Roman Catholic in Scotland.[11][12] The two engaged in philanthropic work in Edinburgh together,[12] and Lady Lothian helped persuade the Duchess to come to the decision to convert.[11] Her brother Lord Charles also converted to Catholicism.[11]

The Duchess enjoyed gardening and landscaping, and spent much time overseeing the gardens of Drumlanrig Castle.[13] Her husband died in April 1884, and she moved to Ditton Park in Slough, Buckinghamshire.[2] She was much affected by the death of her son Lord Walter; The Lady's Realm wrote that the Dowager Duchess "never recovered" from this.[13] She died at Ditton Park on 28 March 1895, and was buried at Dalkeith Palace.[2][6] She supported the religious congregation Poor Servants of the Mother of God until her death, and had engaged in other fund-raising activities as well.[14]

The Duchess was portrayed by actress Diana Rigg during Series 2 of the television drama Victoria.


Children

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The Duke and Duchess of Buccleuch had a total of seven children, three daughters and four sons:

Name Born Died Notes
William Henry Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 6th Duke of Buccleuch 9 September 1831
Montagu House, Whitehall		 5 November 1914
Montagu House, Whitehall		 Styled as Earl of Dalkeith from 1831 to 1884;
Succeeded his father has 6th Duke of Buccleuch and 8th Duke of Queensberry on 16 April 1884;
Married Lady Louisa Jane Hamilton on 22 November 1859 in London and had issue;
Grandfather of Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester, and great-great-grandfather of Sarah, Duchess of York.
Henry John Douglas-Scott-Montagu, 1st Baron Montagu of Beaulieu 5 November 1832
Dalkeith Palace		 4 November 1905
Beaulieu Palace House		 Known as Lord Henry Scott until 1885;
Created Baron Montagu of Beaulieu on 29 December 1885;
Married The Hon. Cecily Susan Stuart-Wortley on 1 August 1865 at Westminster Abbey and had issue.
Lord Walter Charles Montagu Douglas Scott 2 March 1834
Dalkeith		 3 March 1895
Boughton House		 Married Anna Maria Cradock-Hartopp on 7 October 1858 in Sutton Coldfield and had issue.
Admiral Lord Charles Thomas Montagu Douglas Scott, GCB 20 October 1839
London		 21 August 1911
Boughton House		 Served as Commander-in-Chief, Plymouth of the Royal Navy from 1900 to 1904;
Married Ada Mary Ryan on 23 February 1883 in Sunbury, Victoria and had issue.
Lady Victoria Alexandrina Montagu Douglas Scott 20 November 1844
Dalkeith		 19 June 1938
Monteviot House		 Married firstly Schomberg Kerr, 9th Marquess of Lothian on 23 February 1865 in Dalkeith and had issue;
Married secondly Bertram Chetwynd-Talbot on 21 February 1903 in Westminster with no issue.
Lady Margaret Elizabeth Montagu Douglas Scott 10 October 1846
Dalkeith		 5 February 1918
St. Marylebone		 Married Donald Cameron, 24th Lochiel on 9 December 1875 in Dalkeith and had issue.
Lady Mary Charlotte Montagu Douglas Scott 6 August 1851
Dalkeith		 13 December 1908
London		 Married The Hon. Walter Rodolph Trefusis on 24 July 1877 in London and had issue.

In media

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Ancestry

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References

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  1. ^ a b Burke 1838, p. 69.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Reynolds 2004.
  3. ^ a b c Lady's Realm 1902, p. 539.
  4. ^ a b c Fox-Davies 1895, p. 145.
  5. ^ a b c Tyrrell 2003, p. 52.
  6. ^ a b "Deaths in the English Nobility". The New York Times. 29 March 1895. p. 5. ProQuest 95331302. (subscription required)
  7. ^ a b "Charlotte Anne, Duchess of Buccleuch (1811–1895) and her daughter Lady Victoria Scott (1844–1938)". Royal Collection Trust. Inventory no. 420401.
  8. ^ Stanley Long 1916, p. 118.
  9. ^ Whitaker 1894, p. 112.
  10. ^ Brown 2012, p. 62.
  11. ^ a b c Beard 1998, p. 82.
  12. ^ a b Strong 2004.
  13. ^ a b Lady's Realm 1902, p. 540.
  14. ^ Mangion 2012, p. 219.
  15. ^ Burke, Sir Bernard, (1938 ed) Burke's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage. Shaw, London. p. 243
  16. ^ a b c Woodfall, H. (1768). The Peerage of England; Containing a Genealogical and Historical Account of All the Peers of that Kingdom Etc. Fourth Edition, Carefully Corrected, and Continued to the Present Time, Volume 6. p. 258.
  17. ^ a b Lee, Sidney; Edwards, A. S. G. (revised) (2004). "Thynne, William (d. 1546)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/27426. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  18. ^ Girouard, Mark, Thynne, Sir John (1515–1580), estate manager and builder of Longleat in Oxford Dictionary of Biography (Oxford University Press, 2004)
  19. ^ Booth, Muriel. "Thynne, John (?1550–1604), of Longleat, Wilt". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
  20. ^ Lancaster, Henry; Thrush, Andrew. "Thynne, Charles (c.1568–1652), of Cheddar, So". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
  21. ^ Pugh, R. B.; Crittall, Elizabeth, eds. (1957). "Parliamentary history: 1529–1629". A History of the County of Wiltshire. Vol. 5. London: Victoria County History – via British History Online.
  22. ^ Ferris, John P. "Thynne, Sir James (c.1605-70), of Longbridge Deverill, Wilt". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
  23. ^ Helms, M. W.; Ferris, John P. "Thynne, Sir Thomas (c.1610–c.69), of Richmond, Sur". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
  24. ^ Marshall, Alan (2008) [2004]. "Thynne, Thomas [nicknamed Tom of Ten Thousand] (1647/8–1682)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/27423. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  25. ^ Heath-Caldwell, J. J. "Thomas Thynne, 1st Marquess of Bath, 3rd Viscount Weymouth". JJ Heath-Caldwell. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
  26. ^ Hayton, D. W. "Thynne, Hon. Henry (1675-1708)". The History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
  27. ^ Dunaway, Stewart (2013). Lord John Carteret, Earl Granville: His Life History and the Granville Grants. Lulu. p. 33. ISBN 9781300878070.
  28. ^ "Bath, Thomas Thynne". Encyclopedia Britannica 1911. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
  29. ^ Thorne, Roland. "Carteret [formerly Thynne], Henry Frederick". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
  30. ^ "Thomas Thynne, 2nd Marquess of Bath (1765–1837)". National Portrait Gallery. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
  31. ^ Escott, Margaret. "Thynne, Lord Henry Frederick (1797-1837), of 6 Grovesnor Square, Md". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
  32. ^ "John Thynne, 4th Marquess of Bath (1831-1896), Diplomat and landowner". National Portrait Gallery. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
Works cited
Court offices
Preceded by Mistress of the Robes
1841–1846 		Succeeded by
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