1080

1080 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar	1080; MLXXX
Ab urbe condita	1833
Armenian calendar	529; ԹՎ ՇԻԹ
Assyrian calendar	5830
Balinese saka calendar	1001–1002
Bengali calendar	487
Berber calendar	2030
English Regnal year	14 Will. 1 – 15 Will. 1
Buddhist calendar	1624
Burmese calendar	442
Byzantine calendar	6588–6589
Chinese calendar	己未年 (Earth Goat); 3777 or 3570; — to —; 庚申年 (Metal Monkey); 3778 or 3571
Coptic calendar	796–797
Discordian calendar	2246
Ethiopian calendar	1072–1073
Hebrew calendar	4840–4841
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1136–1137
- Shaka Samvat	1001–1002
- Kali Yuga	4180–4181
Holocene calendar	11080
Igbo calendar	80–81
Iranian calendar	458–459
Islamic calendar	472–473
Japanese calendar	Jōryaku 4; (承暦４年)
Javanese calendar	984–985
Julian calendar	1080; MLXXX
Korean calendar	3413
Minguo calendar	832 before ROC; 民前832年
Nanakshahi calendar	−388
Seleucid era	1391/1392 AG
Thai solar calendar	1622–1623
Tibetan calendar	阴土羊年; (female Earth-Goat); 1206 or 825 or 53; — to —; 阳金猴年; (male Iron-Monkey); 1207 or 826 or 54

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	10th century; 11th century ; 12th century;
Decades:	1060s; 1070s; 1080s ; 1090s; 1100s;
Years:	1077; 1078; 1079; 1080 ; 1081; 1082; 1083;

Year 1080 (MLXXX) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

Autumn – Nikephoros Melissenos, a Byzantine general and aristocrat, seizes control of what remains of Byzantine Asia Minor (modern Turkey), and proclaims himself emperor against Nikephoros III. Melissenos makes an alliance with Sultan Suleiman ibn Qutulmish and recruits many Turkish mercenaries to his army.^[1]

January 27 – Battle of Flarchheim: Emperor Henry IV defeats the forces led by the German anti-king Rudolf of Rheinfelden, duke of Swabia, near the town of Flarchheim (modern Germany).
April 17 – King Harald III dies after a 4-year reign and is buried at Dalby Church in Scania (modern Sweden). He is succeeded by his brother Canute IV (the Holy) as ruler of Denmark.
October 14 – Battle on the Elster: Rudolf of Rheinfelden defeats the imperial forces led by Henry IV at the Elster River. Rudolf dies the following day at Merseburg of wounds received.^[2]

May 14 – Walcher, bishop of Durham, is killed by rebel Northumbrians. King William I (the Conqueror) sends a punitive expedition led by his half-brother Odo of Bayeux to pacify Northumbria.^[3]
Autumn – Robert Curthose, a son of William I, is sent to invade Scotland. He reaches as far as Falkirk and forces King Malcolm III to agree to terms while building fortifications at Newcastle-on-Tyne.
Osmund, bishop of Salisbury, builds Devizes Castle in Wiltshire.

The Rubenid Principality of Cilicia gains independence after its founder, Ruben I, succeeds in establishing his authority in the mountainous regions of Cilicia.

Shen Kuo, Chinese polymath scientist and statesman, begins his defensive military campaign against the Tanguts of the Western Xia. He successfully defends the invasion route to Yanzhou (Shaanxi province).

June 25 – Wibert of Ravenna is elected as anti-pope Clement III during the pro-imperial Synod of Brixen. Pope Gregory VII is deposed, signed in a decree by Henry IV.^[5]
King Alfonso VI (the Brave) of León and Castile establishes Latin liturgy in the Catholic Church, in place of the Hispanic Rite.
Benno II, bishop of Osnabrück, founds the Benedictine abby of Iburg Castle (modern Germany).

^ Brian Todd Carey (2012). Road to Manzikert: Byzantine and Islamic Warfare (527–1071), p. 158. ISBN 978-1-84884-215-1.
^ ^a ^b John France (1994). Victory in the East (Book extract). ISBN 9780521589871. Godfrey was almost certainly present in support of Henry IV at the battle of Elster in 1080 (sic 1085... an error or typo), when the forces of the anti-king Rudolf triumphed on the field only to see their victory nullified because Rudolf was killed.
^ Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, pp. 113–114. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
^ Picard C. (1997). La mer et les musulmans d'Occident au Moyen Age. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.
^ Herbert Edward John Cowdrey (1998). Pope Gregory VII, 1073–1085, pp. 201–202 (Oxford University Press).
^ "5 forgotten queens and princesses of Scotland". www.scotsman.com. Retrieved May 4, 2022.

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