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Anna Eshoo
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from California
Incumbent
Assumed office
January 3, 1993
Preceded byTom Campbell (redistricted)
Succeeded bySam Liccardo (elect)
Constituency14th district (1993–2013)
18th district (2013–2023)
16th district (2023–present)
Personal details
Born
Anna Georges

(1942-12-13) December 13, 1942 (age 82)
New Britain, Connecticut, U.S.
Political partyDemocratic
SpouseGeorge Eshoo (divorced)
Children2
EducationCañada College (AA)
WebsiteHouse website
Eshoo's voice
Eshoo on congressional oversight of the executive branch
Recorded May 27, 2010

Anna A. Eshoo (/ˈɛʃuː/ EH-shoo; née Georges; born December 13, 1942)[1] is an American politician serving as the U.S. representative from California's 16th congressional district. She is a member of the Democratic Party. The district, numbered as the 18th district from 2013 to 2023, is based in Silicon Valley, including the cities of Redwood City, Sunnyvale, Mountain View, and Palo Alto, as well as part of San Jose. Eshoo is the only Assyrian-American in Congress and the only Armenian American woman in Congress. On November 21, 2023, she announced she would not seek re-election in 2024.[2]

Early life and education

[edit]

Anna Eshoo was born in New Britain, Connecticut, of Assyrian and Armenian heritage.[3] Her mother had fled from Armenia to Iraq, and subsequently to the United States. Her father, Fred Georges, a jeweler and watchmaker, was a Chaldean Christian.[4]

Eshoo graduated from New Britain High School in 1960, and later moved to California.[citation needed] She received an Associate of Arts degree in English from Cañada College in 1975.[5]

Early political career

[edit]

Eshoo was Chair of the San Mateo Democratic Party from 1978 to 1982. She was also a member of the Democratic National Committee in the 1980s. She was chief of staff to Speaker pro tempore Leo McCarthy of the California State Assembly in 1981–82. Eshoo was elected to the San Mateo County Board of Supervisors in 1982 and served until 1992. She was president of the board in 1986.

U.S. House of Representatives

[edit]
Diane Howard, Don Saye, and Congresswoman Anna Eshoo (right)

Elections

[edit]

1988

[edit]

In the middle of Eshoo's second term on the San Mateo County Board of Supervisors, she ran for Congress in California's 12th congressional district. She won the Democratic primary with a plurality of 43%,[6] but lost the general election to Republican Stanford law professor Tom Campbell, 51–46%.[7]

1992

[edit]

Campbell gave up his congressional seat to make an unsuccessful bid for the United States Senate, and Eshoo entered the Democratic primary for the open seat, which had been renumbered as the 14th district. She won the seven-way primary with a plurality of 40%.[8]

In the general election, she defeated the Republican nominee, San Mateo County Supervisor Tom Huening, 57%–39%.[9]

1994

[edit]

She survived the Republican Revolution, winning reelection with 61% of the vote.[10]

2008

[edit]
See also: 2008 United States House of Representatives elections in California § District 14

She won reelection against Republican Ronny Santana, 70–22%.[11]

2010

[edit]
See also: 2010 United States House of Representatives elections in California § District 14

She won reelection against Republican Dave Chapman, 69–28%.[12]

2012

[edit]
See also: 2012 United States House of Representatives elections in California § District 18

After redistricting, Eshoo ran for and won reelection in California's 18th congressional district based in San Mateo, Santa Clara, and Santa Cruz counties.[13]

2014

[edit]
See also: 2014 United States House of Representatives elections in California § District 18

After a bitter race that brought to the fore some dissatisfaction over party leadership, regarded as a proxy battle between Steny Hoyer and Nancy Pelosi, Eshoo lost a party vote to Frank Pallone for ranking member of the House Energy and Commerce Committee.[14] Nancy Pelosi had said Eshoo's elevation to the top Democratic spot on that committee would be important for the Democrats, allowing Eshoo "to tap into lucrative fundraising interests in Silicon Valley and elsewhere that the committee has jurisdiction."[15]

2016

[edit]
See also: 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in California § District 18

2018

[edit]
See also: 2018 United States House of Representatives elections in California § District 18

2020

[edit]
See also: 2020 United States House of Representatives elections in California § District 18

Eshoo beat challenger Rishi Kumar in the Democratic primary and was reelected in the general election.

2022

[edit]
See also: 2022 United States House of Representatives elections in California § District 16

Eshoo beat challenger Rishi Kumar in a rematch.

Tenure

[edit]
Eshoo congressional portrait

In 2003, Eshoo was elected by her Democratic colleagues in the 108th Congress as an At-Large Democratic Whip, and she has served in that position to the present.

On January 30, 2008, Eshoo formally endorsed U.S. Senator Barack Obama for president.[16]

Eshoo voted with President Joe Biden's stated position 100% of the time in the 117th Congress, according to a FiveThirtyEight analysis. This results in a Biden Plus/Minus score of +0.4.[17]

Abortion

[edit]

Eshoo opposed the overturning of Roe v. Wade.[18] In 2024, she signed an amicus brief to the consolidated cases of Moyle v. United States and Idaho v. United States urging the Supreme Court to uphold the right to medical abortions under the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA).

Biodefense

[edit]

On July 16, 2018, Eshoo introduced H.R. 6378, the Pandemic and All Hazards Preparedness and Advancing Innovation Act (PAHPA), along with Representative Susan Brooks, Energy and Commerce Committee Chairman Greg Walden, and Ranking Member Frank Pallone. The September 11 attacks and the deadly anthrax attacks that followed motivated Eshoo and former Representative Richard Burr to create the original PAHPA law, which coordinated responses to public health emergencies and developed medical countermeasures.[19]

H.R. 6378 improves preparedness nationwide and response for public health emergencies by speeding up research and development on medical countermeasures. The bill also focuses on the needs of special populations such as seniors, the disabled, and children.[19]

In March 2018, Eshoo and Brooks launched the Congressional Biodefense Caucus. Within a week, 21 members of Congress had joined. The caucus is "dedicated to strengthening our nation's biodefense enterprise and national security." It will focus on chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) threats and pandemic outbreaks.[20]

Campaign finance reform

[edit]

Eshoo's bill to require presidential and vice-presidential candidates to publicly disclose their last 10 federal tax returns was included in the For the People Act. She has said, "The For the People Act is a once-in-a-generation opportunity to restore the faith and function of American democracy".[21]

Energy policy

[edit]

Eshoo has voted in favor of bills that expand the creation of jobs in renewable energy.[22] She has also supported energy tax credits for companies that use alternative, non-carbon fuel sources.[23] More recently, she has expressed support for the continued funding of research into fusion power.[24] She is also a supporter of Green New Deal policies[25] and is a co-sponsor of the House resolutions calling for Green New Deal legislation as an effort to combat climate change.[26][27]

In February 2023, Eshoo, along with Representatives Randy Weber (R‑TX 14th), Lizzie Fletcher (D‑TX 07th), Nancy Mace (R‑SC 01st), Abigail Spanberger (D‑VA 07th), and Don Davis (D‑NC 01st), introduced the Reinvesting in Shoreline Economies and Ecosystems Act, which aims to share federal offshore wind power revenue with states for coastal protection and restoration work. The bill was also introduced in the Senate.[28][29]

Health care

[edit]

Eshoo worked on the Affordable Care Act and was present during its signing.[30] She believes in adding a public option to the Act to achieve universal health insurance.[31]

Human rights

[edit]

Eshoo is a strong supporter of the gay rights movement. In 1992, when a gay-bashing mailer was directed at Supervisor Tom Nolan (the first openly gay supervisor in San Mateo and her opponent for her congressional seat), Eshoo stood fast in defending him, his record and years of service. She opposed the Marriage Protection Amendment and the Marriage Protection Act. Her website called the bill "discriminatory, singling out for the first time a minority to prevent their interests from being considered by the highest courts in the land."[32]

As one of just two Assyrian members of Congress, Eshoo has worked hard to protect indigenous Assyrian Christians in Iraq from continuing religious persecution and political exclusion. She authored an amendment to H.R. 2601, the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, stating that "special attention should be paid to the welfare of Chaldo-Assyrians and other indigenous Christians in Iraq."[33]

Eshoo has been a strong supporter of the congressional resolution recognizing the Armenian genocide. She also supports closer ties between Armenia and the U.S.

Eshoo has fought strongly against certain provisions of the Patriot Act, particularly Section 215 (Access to Business Records), which gives federal investigators the right to obtain any tangible business record without a subpoena.[34]

Eshoo also introduced "Kevin's law," which would have given the U.S. Department of Agriculture the power to close down plants that produce contaminated meat.

As an Assyrian and Armenian American, Eshoo is co-chair and co-founder of the Religious Minorities in the Middle East Caucus. She also serves on the Board of Advisors of The Institute on Religion and Public Policy, a freedom of religion organization.

Immigration

[edit]

Eshoo has worked to create a legal "pathway to citizenship" for foreign workers of all kinds, from doctors and computer programmers to migrant farm workers. She has voted to increase the annual cap on H-1B visas to allow more temporary foreign professionals to work in the United States (especially those with Master's Degrees or higher).

In California, where as much as 90% of the agricultural workforce is composed of undocumented immigrants,[35] Eshoo cosponsored H.R. 371, the Agricultural Jobs Act, which would confer blue-card status on undocumented immigrants who had worked an agricultural job in the United States for 150 days or more. This bill never became law.

Infrastructure

[edit]

Eshoo has expressed support for President Biden's American Jobs Plan, calling it "a visionary proposal to create millions of good-paying jobs while revitalizing America's infrastructure" that "will bring the U.S. into the 21st century."[36]

Taxes

[edit]

Eshoo voted against the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 and has expressed support for repealing the SALT deduction cap, which she views as an unfair burden on the middle class.[37]

National security

[edit]

On July 29, 2015, Eshoo co-introduced H.R. 3299, the Strengthening Public Health Emergency Response Act of 2015, which would streamline government decisions and provide incentives for vaccines and treatment of dangerous pathogens and diseases.[38] Eshoo co-sponsored the legislation with lead sponsor Rep. Susan Brooks in response to an October 2015 report by the Blue Ribbon Study Panel on Biodefense.[39]

Other legislation includes:

  • H.R. 1275, American Dream Act, cosponsor – Allows states to provide tuition to students that are illegal immigrants, provided they meet certain criteria.
  • H.R. 1379, Citizen Promotion Act, cosponsor – Assists lawfully admitted aliens in becoming permanent citizens of the United States.
  • H.R. 2221, Uniting American Families Act, cosponsor – Amends the Immigration and Nationality Act to include "or permanent partner" where spouse occurs.

Technology

[edit]

Eshoo authored two bills authorizing electronic signatures that became law, The Government Paperwork Elimination Act of 1998 (GPEA) and ESIGN.[40] She also introduced controversial legislation to alleviate the proliferation of unsolicited email, known as spam. The U.S. House of Representatives passed The CAN-SPAM Act of 2003 (S. 877), which authorizes a "Do Not Spam" list, regulates commercial email, and imposes fines on spammers. Eshoo authored the Consumer Internet Privacy Enhancement Act of 2001 (H.R. 237), created a program to provide discounts to schools and libraries for Internet access, and authored the Computer Donation Incentive Act.[citation needed]

Eshoo introduced HR 2428, the Broadband Conduit Deployment Act of 2009.[41] The bill would require new federal road projects to include plastic conduits buried along the side of the roadway, and enough of them to "accommodate multiple broadband providers."[42] "According to industry experts, more than half of the cost of new broadband deployment is attributable to the expense of tearing up and repaving roads," Eshoo said. "By putting the broadband conduit in place while the ground beneath the roadways is exposed, we will enable any authorized communications provider to come in later and install fiber-optic cable at far less cost."[41] The bill is supported by Google.[43][44]

Together with Rep. Ed Markey, Eshoo introduced the Internet Freedom Preservation Act of 2009,[45] which would make Net Neutrality the law.[46]

Eshoo is co-chair of the Congressional Internet Caucus, a bipartisan group of over 150 members of the House and Senate working to educate their colleagues about the promise and potential of the Internet.[47]

Eshoo supported the Federal Communications Commission Process Reform Act of 2013 (H.R. 3675; 113th Congress), a bill that would make a number of changes to procedures that the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) follows in its rulemaking processes.[48] The FCC would have to act more transparently as a result of this bill, forced to accept public input about regulations.[49] Eshoo expected Senate support for the bill, saying that they "shouldn't find it menacing" and arguing that the bill was "about the functioning of the FCC in the 21st century."[50]

In 2022, Eshoo, Representative Jan Schakowsky, and Senator Cory Booker[51] introduced the Banning Surveillance Advertising Act (BSAA).[52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62] Frank Maggio, CEO and founder of React LLC, called the BSAA "rife with loopholes".[63] The act was tabled.[63] According to PC Magazine, some browsers with some extensions can block some surveillance and some advertising.[64]

Committee assignments

[edit]

For the 118th Congress:[65]

Caucus memberships

[edit]
  • Congressional E-911 Caucus, Co-Chair[66]
  • Arthritis Caucus, Co-Chair[67]
  • Caucus on Religious Minorities in the Middle East, Co-Chair and Founding Member
  • Cancer Care Working Group, Co-Chair
  • House 21st Century Health Care Caucus, Vice Chair
  • House Information Technology Working Group, Co-Chair
  • Congressional Internet Caucus, Founding Member and Co-Chair
  • House Medical Technology Caucus, Co-Chair
  • Ahmadiyya Muslim Caucus
  • Bipartisan Congressional Task Force on Alzheimer's Disease
  • California Democratic Congressional Delegation
  • Armenian Caucus
  • Coalition for Autism Research and Education (CARE)
  • Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus[68]
  • Congressional Biomedical Research Caucus
  • Congressional Caucus for Women's Issues
  • Congressional Caucus on Armenian Issues
  • Congressional Diabetes Caucus
  • Congressional Food Safety Caucus
  • Congressional Kidney Caucus
  • Congressional Organic Caucus
  • Congressional Prevention Coalition
  • Congressional Shipbuilding Caucus
  • Congressional Taiwan Caucus
  • Congressional Wildlife Refuge Caucus
  • House Biotechnology Caucus
  • House Cancer Caucus
  • House National Marine Sanctuary Caucus
  • House Oceans Caucus
  • House Recycling Caucus
  • Long-Term Care Caucus
  • United States-Philippines Friendship Caucus
  • Congressional Arts Caucus[69]
  • Congressional NextGen 9-1-1 Caucus[70]
  • Climate Solutions Caucus[71]

Personal life

[edit]

Eshoo was married to attorney George Eshoo, with whom she has two children, Karen and Paul. Anna Eshoo and George Eshoo are divorced.[73] She resides in Menlo Park, California.[74] She is a Chaldean Catholic. She attends Sacred Heart-Oakwood Catholic Church.[75]

In 2010, Eshoo was named one of the "50 Most Beautiful People" on Capitol Hill by The Hill.[75]

Electoral history

[edit]
2022 United States House of Representatives elections
Primary election
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Anna Eshoo (incumbent) 81,100 47.9
Democratic Rishi Kumar 26,438 15.6
Republican Peter Ohtaki 21,354 12.6
Republican Richard Fox 13,187 7.8
Democratic Ajwang Rading 11,418 6.7
Democratic Greg Tanaka 11,107 6.6
Republican Benjamin Solomon 2,659 1.6
No party preference John Fredrich 2,120 1.3
Democratic Travis Odekirk (write-in) 2 0.0
Total votes 169,385 100.0
General election
Democratic Anna Eshoo (incumbent) 139,081 57.8
Democratic Rishi Kumar 101,663 42.2
Total votes 240,744 100.0
Democratic hold
2020 United States House of Representatives elections
Party Candidate Votes %
General election
Democratic Anna Eshoo (incumbent) 217,377 63.2
Democratic Rishi Kumar 126,751 36.8
Total votes 344,127 100.0
Democratic hold
2018 United States House of Representatives elections
Party Candidate Votes %
General election
Democratic Anna Eshoo (incumbent) 225,142 74.4
Republican Christine Russell 77,096 25.5
Total votes 302,238 100.0
Democratic hold
2016 United States House of Representatives elections[76]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Anna Eshoo (incumbent) 230,460 71.1
Republican Richard Fox 93,470 28.9
Total votes 323,930 100.0
Turnout  
Democratic hold
CA-18 Congressional Primary Election, 2016[77]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Anna Eshoo (incumbent) 132,726 68.2
Republican Richard Fox 47,484 24.4
Democratic Bob Harlow 14,411 7.4
Total votes 194,621 100.0
Turnout  
Democratic hold
2014 United States House of Representatives elections[78]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Anna Eshoo (incumbent) 133,060 67.8
Republican Richard B. Fox 63,326 32.2
Total votes 196,386 100.0
Turnout  
Democratic hold
2012 United States House of Representatives elections[79]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Anna Eshoo (incumbent) 212,831 70.5
Republican Dave Chapman 89,103 29.5
Total votes 301,934 100.0
Turnout  
Democratic hold
2010 United States House of Representatives elections[80]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Anna Eshoo (incumbent) 150,542 69.1
Republican Dave Chapman 60,668 27.9
Libertarian Paul Lazaga 6,685 3.0
Total votes 217,895 100.0
Turnout  
Democratic hold
2008 United States House of Representatives elections[81]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Anna Eshoo (incumbent) 190,301 69.8
Republican Ronny Santana 60,610 22.3
Libertarian Brian Holtz 11,929 4.3
Green Carol Brouillet 9,926 3.6
Total votes 272,766 100.0
Turnout  
Democratic hold
2006 United States House of Representatives elections[82]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Anna Eshoo (incumbent) 141,153 71.1
Republican Rob Smith 48,097 24.3
Libertarian Brian Holtz 4,692 2.3
Green Carol Brouillet 4,633 2.3
Total votes 198,575 100.0
Turnout  
Democratic hold
2004 United States House of Representatives elections[83]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Anna Eshoo (incumbent) 182,712 69.8
Republican Chris Haugen 69,564 26.6
Libertarian Brian Holtz 9,588 3.6
No party Dennis Mitrzyk (write-in) 24 0.01
Total votes 262,088 100.0
Turnout  
Democratic hold
2002 United States House of Representatives elections[84]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Anna Eshoo (incumbent) 117,055 68.2
Republican Joe Nixon 48,346 28.2
Libertarian Andrew B. Carver 6,277 3.6
Total votes 171,678 100.0
Turnout  
Democratic hold
2000 United States House of Representatives elections[85]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Anna Eshoo (incumbent) 161,720 70.3
Republican Bill Quraishi 59,338 25.8
Libertarian Joseph W. Dehn III 4,715 2.0
Natural Law John Black 4,489 1.9
Total votes 230,262 100.0
Turnout  
Democratic hold
1998 United States House of Representatives elections[86]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Anna Eshoo (incumbent) 129,663 68.64
Republican Chris Haugen 53,719 28.44
Libertarian Joseph W. Dehn III 3,166 1.68
Natural Law Anna Currivan 2,362 1.25
Total votes 188,910 100.0
Turnout  
Democratic hold
1996 United States House of Representatives elections[87]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Anna Eshoo (incumbent) 149,313 64.9
Republican Ben Brink 71,573 31.1
Peace and Freedom Timothy Thompson 3,653 1.6
Libertarian Joseph Dehn 3,492 1.5
Natural Law Robert Wells 2,144 0.9
Total votes 230,175 100.0
Turnout  
Democratic hold
1994 United States House of Representatives elections[88]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Anna Eshoo (incumbent) 130,713 60.60
Republican Ben Brink 78,475 39.40
Total votes 199,188 100.0
Turnout  
Democratic hold
1992 United States House of Representatives elections[89]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Anna Eshoo 146,873 56.7
Republican Tom Huening 101,202 39.0
Libertarian Chuck Olson 7,220 2.8
Peace and Freedom David Wald 3,912 1.5
No party Sims (write-in) 12 0.01
No party Maginnis (write-in) 3 0.003
Total votes 259,232 100.0
Turnout  
Democratic gain from Republican
1988 United States House of Representatives elections[90]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Tom Campbell 136,384 51.7
Democratic Anna Eshoo 121,523 46.0
Libertarian Tom Grey 6,023 2.3
Total votes 263,930 100.0
Turnout  
Republican hold

Organizations

[edit]
  • Chair, San Mateo County General Hospital Board of Directors, 1984–1992
  • Member, American Association of University Women
  • Former Chair, Bay Area Air Quality Management District
  • Former Member, Bay Conservation and Development Commission
  • Democratic Activists for Women Now
  • Junior League of Palo Alto
  • League of Conservation Voters
  • Member, League of Women Voters
  • Co Founder, San Mateo Women's Hall of Fame.

Awards and honors

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "FamilySearch.org". FamilySearch.
  2. ^ Irwin, Lauren (November 21, 2023). "Democratic Rep. Anna Eshoo to retire at end of term". The Hill. Retrieved November 21, 2023.
  3. ^ Kreitman, Keith (October 27, 2006). "Anna Eshoo has come a long way in Congress". Daily Journal. San Mateo County, Calif. Archived from the original on November 15, 2006.
  4. ^ Allen-Ebrahimian, Bethany (July 22, 2015). "The Real War on Christianity". The New York Times. Retrieved December 22, 2016.
  5. ^ McCarthy, Cynthia (February 13, 2024). "From Cañada College to Congress: Rep. Anna Eshoo (Government & Politics: How to contact your elected officials)". Archived from the original on October 1, 2023. Retrieved March 13, 2024. Congresswoman Anna Eshoo, Cañada College, class of '75, now represents the area where she lives and attended college. She earned an Associate of Arts in English from Cañada College within a decade of the college's official opening. Later she served as a San Mateo County Supervisor for ten years.
  6. ^ "Our Campaigns - CA District 12 - D Primary Race - Jun 07, 1988". Retrieved November 19, 2014.
  7. ^ "Our Campaigns - CA District 12 Race - Nov 08, 1988". Retrieved November 19, 2014.
  8. ^ "Our Campaigns - CA District 14 - D Primary Race - Jun 02, 1992". Retrieved November 19, 2014.
  9. ^ "Our Campaigns - CA District 14 Race - Nov 03, 1992". Retrieved November 19, 2014.
  10. ^ "Our Campaigns - CA District 14 Race - Nov 08, 1994". Retrieved November 19, 2014.
  11. ^ "Our Campaigns - CA - District 14 Race - Nov 04, 2008". Retrieved November 19, 2014.
  12. ^ "Our Campaigns - CA - District 14 Race - Nov 02, 2010". Retrieved November 19, 2014.
  13. ^ "Anna Eshoo for Congress". Archived from the original on September 3, 2008. Retrieved November 19, 2014.
  14. ^ "Dem Frenemies: Pelosi, Hoyer Again on Opposite Sides of a Leadership Debate". Time.
  15. ^ "Pelosi ally Anna Eshoo loses party vote for key committee post". Los Angeles Times. November 19, 2014. Retrieved November 29, 2014.
  16. ^ Bay Area News Group (January 30, 2008). "Anna Eshoo endorses Obama - Political Blotter - Politics in the Bay Area and beyond". ibabuzz.com. Archived from the original on September 6, 2015. Retrieved September 5, 2015.
  17. ^ Bycoffe, Aaron; Wiederkehr, Anna (April 22, 2021). "Does Your Member Of Congress Vote With Or Against Biden?". FiveThirtyEight. Retrieved November 15, 2023.
  18. ^ Eshoo, Anna (June 24, 2022). "Today, for the first time in history, the Supreme Court eliminated a constitutional right. With Roe gone, Republicans will now charge full speed ahead with their plans to ban abortion nationwide, arrest doctors for offering reproductive care, and criminalize contraception". Twitter. Retrieved June 27, 2022.
  19. ^ a b "Eshoo, Brooks Introduce Legislation to Combat Biodefense Threats". Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  20. ^ "New Congressional Biodefense Caucus launched". Congresswoman Susan W. Brooks. March 5, 2018. Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  21. ^ "Anna's Weekly Update". Congresswoman Anna Eshoo. March 8, 2019.
  22. ^ King, Katie (September 25, 2020). "South Bay legislators split on clean energy legislation". San Jose Spotlight. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  23. ^ Fein, Geoff S. (May 30, 2001). "Eshoo says energy tax credits a better idea". Palo Alto Weekly. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  24. ^ Irfan, Umair (January 29, 2014). "E&E - Light at the end of the tunnel for fusion energy research? Not while the government is dark". Anna Eshoo. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  25. ^ King, Katie (October 22, 2020). "Exclusive Q&A: U.S. House District 18 candidate Rep. Anna Eshoo". San Jose Spotlight. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  26. ^ "H.Res.109 - Recognizing the duty of the Federal Government to create a Green New Deal". United States Congress. February 7, 2019. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  27. ^ "H.Res.332 - Recognizing the duty of the Federal Government to create a Green New Deal". United States Congress. April 20, 2021. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  28. ^ "Cassidy, Whitehouse Reintroduce Bill to Strengthen Revenue Sharing Program" (Press release). February 9, 2024.
  29. ^ "Congresswoman Lizzie Fletcher Reintroduces Bipartisan Legislation To Strengthen Coastal Revenue Sharing Program" (Press release). February 9, 2024.
  30. ^ "President Obama Signs Health Reform Into Law". March 23, 2010. Archived from the original on December 12, 2021 – via www.youtube.com.
  31. ^ "Join the Conversation with Congresswoman Eshoo -". vekeo.com.
  32. ^ Anna Eshoo's stance on civil rights
  33. ^ "Amendment 483 to Hr. 2601". Archived from the original on December 24, 2010.
  34. ^ Farrier, Jasmine (January 2007). "The Patriot Act's Institutional Story: More Evidence of Congressional Ambivalence". PS: Political Science & Politics. 40 (1): 93–97. doi:10.1017/s1049096507070151. ISSN 1049-0965. S2CID 154282713.
  35. ^ Study by the Department of Labor
  36. ^ "Rep. Eshoo Applauds President Biden's American Jobs Plan, Calls It a "Modern Solution to Modern Challenges"". Congresswoman Anna Eshoo. March 31, 2021.
  37. ^ staff, Sierra Lopez Daily Journal (April 6, 2021). "Speier, Eshoo address SALT deduction cap". San Mateo Daily Journal.
  38. ^ "Health Subcommittee holds markup on the Strengthening Public Health Emergency Response Act". Homeland Preparedness News. June 8, 2016. Retrieved June 24, 2016.
  39. ^ Memo to Members of the Energy and Commerce Subcommittee on Health from the Majority Committee staff. U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Energy and Commerce. docs.house.gov. May 17, 2016. Retrieved June 24, 2016.
  40. ^ "Summary: Digital Signatures Bills: HR 2991 and S 2107". www.techlawjournal.com. Retrieved June 3, 2016.
  41. ^ a b Anna Eshoo. "Rep. Eshoo Introduces Broadband Conduit Legislation".
  42. ^ Nate Anderson (May 20, 2009). "New bill wants fiber conduit built into every road project". arstechnica.
  43. ^ Richard Whitt (June 8, 2009). "Google submits initial comments supporting a National Broadband Plan".
  44. ^ Richard Whitt (June 8, 2009). "Submit your ideas for a National Broadband Plan". Archived from the original on July 28, 2009. Retrieved October 29, 2017.
  45. ^ Anna Eshoo (n.d.). "Reps. Eshoo and Markey Introduce Bill to Preserve Free and Open Internet".
  46. ^ Free Press (August 3, 2009). "Two Million for Internet Freedom". YouTube. Archived from the original on December 12, 2021.
  47. ^ Congressional Internet Caucus Advisory Committee (January 11, 2011). "U.S. Congressional Internet Caucus: Membership in the 112th Congress".
  48. ^ "H.R. 3675 – CBO". Congressional Budget Office. January 29, 2014. Retrieved March 10, 2014.
  49. ^ Kasperowicz, Pete (March 11, 2014). "House votes for more transparency at the FCC". The Hill. Retrieved March 12, 2014.
  50. ^ Bachman, Katy (December 11, 2013). "Bipartisan FCC Process Reform Bill Gains Momentum". Ad Week. Retrieved March 12, 2014.
  51. ^ Condon, Stephanie (January 18, 2022). "Democrats propose a law to ban "surveillance advertising"". ZDNET. Retrieved October 9, 2022.
  52. ^ Cox, Joseph (January 18, 2022). "Lawmakers Plan Legislation to 'Ban Surveillance Advertising'". vice.com. Retrieved October 9, 2022.
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Anna Eshoo
U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from California's 14th congressional district
1993–2013 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from California's 18th congressional district
2013–2023 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from California's 16th congressional district
2023–present 		Succeeded by
U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial)
Preceded by United States representatives by seniority
14th 		Succeeded by
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